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Director of National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Dr. Anthony Fauci said on Wednesday that people of America may not return to their normal life until at least 2021 ends or 2022 begins. In comparison, the President of the United States, Donald Trump believes that the coronavirus in the US has turned the corner and is going to end soon. Dr. Fauci believes that the country will get a vaccine of the virus within the next months but until the 2^nd or 3^rd quarter of 2021, all the people cannot be vaccinated.

The president at an event last week in Florida told the people that the coronavirus in the US is going to end quickly and that the US has rounded the corner and rounded it beautifully. Trump believes that the recent surge of cases of the virus in the US is solely happening because more tests are being done. However, members of the coronavirus task force of the White House Adm. Brett Giroir went against those claims and said that it’s not only due to testing. He added that the cases of the virus are really going up and increased hospitalizations are the evidence of it.

Also Read: Young Americans are less likely to follow CDC’s Covid19 Guidelines Than Old Americans, a survey finds

Moreover, at the start of October Dr. Fauci said that it is very important that the government of the US is fully open to the citizens of America about how severe the pandemic is and if they are going to make recommendations about the public health, they need to be transparent. However, last week Trump disagreed with Dr. Fauci and called him a disaster, he also said that the people of the US are growing tired of listening to Fauci and these idiots.

As of right now, around 8.8 million people have been infected with coronavirus in the US and at least 226,000 have died of the disease, according to data from Johns Hopkins University.

Dr. Fauci believes that things are not looking good regarding coronavirus in the US as the country approaches the winter season. 29 states across the US have set records this week regarding the new cases of the virus since the start of the pandemic, according to Johns Hopkins Data. Dr. Fauci further added that the US is not in a good place as the country is averaging around 70,000 cases of the virus in a day.

The cases of coronavirus are not increasing solely due to more testing as the average new cases of the virus per day has increased by 21% as compared to last week, according to data from Johns Hopkins University. Moreover, according to the covid tracking project the testing during the same period has only increased by 6.63%.

Dean of Brown University School of Public Health and an American Health Scholar Dr. Ashish Jha said that the cases are rising very quickly and if the data is seen from 1.5 to 2months ago the country was at about 35,000 new cases of the virus in a day. He said that he won’t be surprised if the country ends up getting 100,000 new cases in a day in the next few months.

The new surge in coronavirus in the US is hitting all the states in the country and as of this week, nearly 40 states are going towards the wrong trends as they are reporting not less than 10% more cases this week when compared to last week. Missouri is the only state in the US which is showing a nearly 10% reduction in cases.

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Old People in the United States of America are better and more likely to follow the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC’s covid19 guidelines than young people in order to curb the spread of the disease, a new survey has found. The Team at Data Foundation conducted the survey and believe this is the reason that the number of young people getting infected with the virus has been increasing since June.

The survey involving 6500 people aged 18 or older found that the mask-wearing in the US increased from an average of every 78 in 100 people in April to every 83 in 100 people in May and around 89 in 100 people in June. Older people were higher by around 14 percentages in wearing masks than people who were younger. However, other of the CDC’s covid19 guidelines such as social distancing, avoiding crowds, and handwashing decreased or remained the same over time.

Also Read: How to prepare for Coronavirus Surge in Colder Season?

In younger adults aged between 18 and 29 the following of CDC’s Covid19 guidelines was very less which resulted in more young people getting infected with the virus in recent months, according to the CDC. In that group, the mask-wearing only went up from around 70 in 100 people to 86 in 100 in the period from April to June. The report said that the findings show the need that clear and targeted messages should be prioritized towards young people.

The researchers said that while young adults are less likely to suffer severely from the coronavirus still in some cases the infection can get really serious. They also said that people who are mildly infected or are asymptomatic can still spread the virus to people who are very old and are the most vulnerable.

The researchers found that at every point in time when they tested people, people who were aged 60 or more were better at following CDC’s covid19 guidelines and the younger people were found less consistent in following the guidelines. The researchers wrote that this might be due to the fact that older people are more afraid of the virus because they are more likely to get severely ill as compared to young people. They added that young people may also be less likely to engage in acts that can reduce the spread due to developmental, practical, and social factors.

Although the CDC has suggested some safety measures so that the spread of the virus can be reduced, which includes mask-wearing, the president of the US Donald Trump and some members of his team have ignored those guidelines regularly. Health critics believe that the president has sent the wrong message to the people of the country by not following the mask-wearing rules. Melania Trump and Donald Trump both tested positive for the virus and so was their son. After testing positive the president ignored the requests of the health experts who told him to go into isolation but he instead made public appearances.

The US is now seeing a new surge in cases of the virus with more than 85000 new daily cases reported last Friday and also nearly 74000 new cases were reported on Monday, which is still more than the previous record daily new cases of 73,000 reported in July.

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In the United States, the spread of the coronavirus is happening at a very fast pace as the country has made a new record of average seven-day cases since the start of the pandemic. The previous record average cases for a week were 67,293 cases but on Sunday it reached 68,767 new cases. The country also reported record for daily new cases both on Friday and Saturday with the new cases reported being more than 83,000. Seeing the grim situation former commissioner of the US food and Drug Administration (FDA) Dr. Scott Gottlieb wrote in an open-ed that now may be the time to introduce a limited and temporary mask mandate.

Gottlieb wrote that the mask mandate can be limited for a period of only two months and that it will be easier for the people to wear face masks in winter as compared to summer. He added that this little inconvenience of wearing masks will allow the spread of the coronavirus to be reduced and keep more businesses and schools open.

Also Read: Young Kids are being Influenced to Eat Junk Food by YouTube Influencers, study says

According to the latest predictions, the deaths by the virus are expected to increase in the winter so Gottlieb believes that to stop the spread of coronavirus in the country the policymakers will need to do something as the stay-at-home orders will get no support.

More than 100,000lives can be saved in the US alone if the people start wearing masks, according to the University of Washington’s Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation data released on Friday. The Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases Dr. Anthony Fauci agrees with the idea of implementing a mask mandate by saying that if the people of the US are not wearing masks, then maybe the government officials of the country should mandate it.

While the spread of coronavirus in the country looks uncontrollable Gottlieb believes that things will look much worse over the period of next month or so and that he doesn’t forecast any forceful policy being implemented to reduce the spread of the virus in the US. He added that if strong policies are not implemented and this window is missed then the cases are going to accelerate and will get much more difficult to control it than it is now.

Gottlieb said that the states should be given the opportunity to decide how they are going to force the mandate however, the ultimate goal should be to make masks wearing a cultural and social norm, and not make it a political statement. President Trump appointed Gottlieb as the commissioner of the FDA and served during the period from May of 2017 to May of 2019.

The US is now at a dangerous tipping point and the country is now entering what will be a steep slope of the epidemic curve, said Gottlieb. People are now socially gathering indoors and also family events are now being moved indoors due to the colder weather which is one of the major reasons for the high rate of the spread of the virus, according to the officials.

The governor of Maryland believes that the number 1 source of the spread of coronavirus in the state this week is the gathering of families. Moreover, health officials in North Carolina reported that the case count in the state has hit its highest on Friday and believes that social and religious gatherings are mainly the reason.

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Medical experts believe that following a basic hygiene practice is the only way to prevent the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19). Initiated from Wuhan, China this virus has spread to dozens of countries infecting more than 1,000,00 people and 3400 deaths. CDC has shared the guidelines to control the spread of coronavirus that include washing hands properly, covering mouth and nose while sneezing and coughing, avoiding public interaction and contact with an infected patient or surface. However, these guidelines need a little more specification.

It is necessary to know that coronavirus (COVID-19) spreads through droplets that travel in the air. The droplets from an infected person’s cough or sneeze can travel to a maximum of six feet on the nearest surface and may live up to many days. The World Health Organization shares that it is possible to get coronavirus infection even by touching these infected surfaces where these respiratory droplets settle.

Paul Biddinger is the director of the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation, and Practice Program at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. He says that coronavirus infection is transmitted when a person sneezes or coughs near a person. This is the simplest explanation of how coronavirus spreads.

He emphasizes practicing good hand hygiene. if a person has an urge to sneeze or cough, instead of covering the face with hands, it is better to sneeze or rough on your elbow.

Also read- President Trump signed $8.3B Bill to Get Rid of Coronavirus in USA

Although the basic hygiene practices seem easy and obvious it is necessary to know that they are effective and important. Washing hands with any germicidal soap for at least 20 seconds reduces the chances of catching any virus from surfaces. Biddinger states that most people are careless about their hand hygiene.

It may sound silly that a person is watching a YouTube Video on how to wash hands properly during the coronavirus pandemic. However, knowing how to wash your hands can save you from the virus, he adds.

The hand sanitizers are only helpful if they contain 60% or more content of alcohol, confirms the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Also, note that hand sanitizer doesn’t work if a person’s hands are dirty and he needs to wash them anyway.

Also read- Serbia and Vatican reported their First Coronavirus Cases, First Death in the Netherlands

The importance of washing hands for preventing a disease’s spread is proven by research, for example, a  study from 2006 reveals a 16% decrease in respiratory illness by frequently washing hands. Another study from 2008 showed that it contributes to a 21% reduced risk of disease.

The guideline also includes, not to touch the face, eyes, and nose after touching any surface or after contact with a person. It is necessary to know that avoiding face touching helps in controlling the spread as a respiratory virus is much likely to spread through the eyes, nose, and mouth maybe.

 

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Coronavirus in Spain has infected one million people making the country the first in Western Europe to reach that figure. The government of the country is planning to impose some new restrictions to stop the spread of the virus as the country reported 575 deaths in the previous week, which brings the total to 34,366 deaths.

The undesirable milestone came six weeks after Spain crossed 500,000 coronavirus cases and became the first country in western Europe to do so. Madrid region accounts for nearly 33% of all the cases of coronavirus in Spain and its government is locked in an argument with the country’s central government on the method to control the crisis.

Also Read: A ‘New Organ’ in the Human Body Accidentally Discovered by Scientists

Coronavirus in Spain started in the months when the pandemic was at its beginning and the government of the country introduced some of the strictest measures to control it and one of those measures was that the children cannot go outside. However, as the cases decreased, Spain like other countries in Europe softened the restrictions. As the month of August approached its end the new daily cases started to rise by nearly 10,000 in a day. Hospitalizations also increased by around 20% only during the last two weeks and deaths are also rising.

The government of Spain recently imposed an emergency in Madrid taking control from local authorities, to reduce the spread of the coronavirus as Madrid is facing one of the most significant outbreaks in Europe. The emergency was affected immediately and lasted for two weeks and forced the local authorities of Madrid to reimpose the travel restrictions which the national government introduced initially but was ruled out by a Madrid court.

Isabel Diaz Ayuso, the regional president of Madrid, said on Wednesday that surgical measures will be introduced to bring the health and economy together. She also said that the most important thing for the government is that the economy of the country does not suffer any longer.

The hospital systems across Europe are at the risk of being adversely affected by the pressure of the increasing number of hospitalizations that are putting the continent in the central stage of the pandemic. The number of cases of coronavirus was restricted when the lockdowns were imposed in the months of March and April but now, they have started to increase rapidly. Health authorities in European nations are extremely concerned due to the renewed crisis which is affecting their health infrastructure.

The health minister of Belgium called the current situation of coronavirus in the country as a ‘tsunami’ of infections and has decided to postpone all unnecessary hospital procedures, other countries having a similar situation in Europe are likely to impose similar restrictions.

France announced nearly 27,000 new cases of the virus as the country is averaging around 25,000 daily cases in the last few days. Around 34,048 people have already died of the virus in France and the total number of cases of the virus has accumulated to around 957,421. As of right now, the government of France has imposed a curfew in some major cities including Paris, and now, they are planning to expand it.

Italy registered around 15,199 cases in the last 24 hours, which is a daily record since the outbreak began in the country. Moreover, 127 deaths were reported in the last 24 hours which is by far a lot lesser than in March and April when nearly 900 people died in a day of the virus.

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The Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Dr. Anthony Fauci says that public health officials around the world are starting to see cases of coronavirus reinfection. He added that these cases are well-documented and are of people who contracted the virus and after a brief period of weeks or months contracted the virus again when exposed, in other words, no one is immune to the virus, so everyone has to be careful.

President of the United States Donald Trump after recovering from the virus said that now he is immune to the virus. However, experts are of the opinion that coronavirus reinfection is very much a possibility in the survivor of the virus, but they admit that it’s rare. Chief Scientist at the World Health Organization (WHO) Dr. Soumya Swaminathan said that out of nearly 40 million cases of the virus reported worldwide, there are only a couple dozen cases of the coronavirus reinfection.

Also Read: How to Celebrate Thanksgiving Safely? CDC has Issued Thanksgiving Guidelines

In August the first case of coronavirus reinfection was reported in a Hong Kong man (33 years of age) and the first documented case of covid19 reinfection in the US was also reported in the same month in a Nevada man (25 years of age). He was first infected with the virus in April but recovered afterward, however, a month or so later he was positive for the virus again. Moreover, the one and only death so far that was caused by the coronavirus reinfection occurred to a Dutch woman (89 years of age) who was also suffering from cancer and died after getting infected with the virus for the 2^nd time.

Although anyone can be infected with the virus twice, the scientists are trying to find answers about how long the covid19 antibodies last in an individual and who has the more probability to get infected again. As the pandemic is not even a year old, scientists will need some more time to answer these questions.

University of Arizona researchers found that the antibodies capable of protecting against the coronavirus are produced in an infected person for a period of not less than 5 to 7 months after getting infected. Some other studies conducted in Canada and in Massachusetts also believe in long-term immunity. A Professor at the University of Toronto Jennifer Gommerman said if the covid19 vaccine is designed properly, it will potentially induce a robust antibody response against the virus in the person getting vaccinated.

The researchers from Arizona also noticed that the more a person is ill with the virus the stronger his immune response was. Swaminathan also agrees with the finding. She said that a large number of people who were asymptomatic or were very mildly infected with the virus did not produce any detectable antibodies. However, according to her, people who were moderately or severely infected produced detectable antibodies.

The thing which is still not clear is how the coronavirus reinfections can impact the coronavirus vaccine. The Hong Kong man, when reinfected with the virus was symptomless, however, the Nevada man fell more critically ill of the virus the second time.

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The Director of National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Dr. Anthony Fauci hopes that the recent surge in the cases of coronavirus in the United States and the prediction that many more citizens of the US could die in the coming months pushes the public of the US towards following the covid19 safety precautions. More than a dozen states in the US are starting to see an upward trend in the new cases of the virus and things could get a lot worse.

Dr. Fauci said that the total lockdown of the country is not needed but only the implication of simple covid19 safety precautions can prove to be quite effective. These safety precautions are the same that public health officials are telling for months which include not involving yourself in large groups, practicing social distancing measures, wearing a mask, and washing hands frequently.

Also Read: An “unexplained illness” Caused Johnson & Johnson to Pause its Covid19 Vaccine Trials

31 states in the country have announced an increase in the new cases of the coronavirus on Monday as compared to last week, according to Johns Hopkins University’s Data. Moreover, nine states confirmed a record number of hospitalizations on Sunday, according to Covid Tracking Project. These states included Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Arkansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.

Emergency Medicine Physician Dr. Leana Wen said that these trends are very alarming and the warning bells should be rung over the country. She further said that people may believe that increasing cases of coronavirus may be due to increased testing, however, the fact is that the positivity rate of the coronavirus tests is more than 10% in not less than 15 states, which means that more testing is needed to be done.

Moreover, many people don’t have any idea where they were infected. Dr. Wen added that 50% or more cases of the coronavirus in many parts around the country cannot be traced to any source of infection, which could mean that the community spread is high. She believes that now as a result the number of hospitalizations will increase.

As of now, around 7.8 million people in the US have been infected and nearly 215,000 have died of the virus, according to data from Johns Hopkins University. Moreover, according to the University of Washington’s Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, the total number of deaths in the US can almost double by February reaching the figure of 400,000.

Former Director of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Dr. Richard Besser believes that the Americans need to take responsibility now in following the covid19 safety precautions and make sure that these predictions don’t convert into reality.  He said that if the people follow what the CDC is saying and do what is working for the other countries over the world, that is wear masks, wash hands and follow social distancing, the trajectory can change and the virus can be controlled.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this upward trend is not only happening in the US as the number of cases all over the world has hit the daily record for the consecutive period of each of the last four days.

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Johnson and Johnson (J&J) announced on Monday that the company has paused the clinical trials of its covid19 vaccine only weeks after the phase 3 trials were started for the vaccine because a volunteer encountered an unknown illness. The company said that the illness of the volunteer is being evaluated and reviewed by the company’s internal safety and clinical physicians as well as by the ENSEMBLE independent Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB).

The company did not make it clear whether the illness was found in someone who received a placebo or the experimental vaccine. The company said in a statement that they are trying to learn more about the illness and it’s essential to have full facts before disclosing information.

Also Read: Coronavirus Deaths Account for More than 67% of Surplus Deaths in the US

Janssen’s Global Head of Research and Development Mathai Mammen said that the company is now waiting for further medical evaluation and information, which would be sent to the DSMB for further recommendations. She further said that many clinical trials involve the use of placebo so it is sometimes unclear whether the person got a placebo or study treatment.

Johnson and Johnson’s experimental covid19 vaccine is better in some ways than the other vaccines but in the race for a vaccine, it was behind its competitors. The benefit this vaccine has is that it could work in only one dose and it does not require to be frozen. The company started the phase 3 trials of its covid19 vaccine last month and the company is aiming to incorporate 60,000 adult people from multiple countries, which would make it the biggest trial.

This is not the first case of a pause in phase 3 trials of a covid19 vaccine as AstraZeneca, who also initiated the phase 3 trials of its vaccine last month, paused the trials in the United States because a volunteer in the United Kingdom encountered a neurological complication. The AstraZeneca trials were resumed in the UK and other countries, however, remain paused in the US as it is awaiting the approval of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

The dean of the Brown University School of Public Health Dr. Ashish Jha said that the pauses of such kind are completely normal and not concerning. She further said that this pause could be one of many as it is the largest trial in the world with 60,000 volunteers and this pause is also a reminder that it is ridiculous to even try to have a vaccine before the 3^rd of November due to the artificial political deadline. Jha believes that it is reassuring that the companies are being responsible and pausing when there is a need.

Phase 3 trials of Johnson and Johnson’s covid19 vaccine initiated in the month of September and is 1 of the 6 vaccines that are being tested around the United States, and is also 1 of the 4 vaccines which are in the most advanced stage, that is the Phase 3 trials. The federal officials are hoping the testing of Johnson and Johnson’s vaccine may be done quicker than some of the other vaccines because it only requires one dose.

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So far during the pandemic, around 20% more people have died in the United States than the normal expectation in the period from March to August, and about 67% of them were coronavirus deaths, according to a research published by Steven Woolf, a professor at the Yale School of Public Health and the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, and his colleagues.

The research published in the journal JAMA stated that the deaths in the US are very consistent year after year but from March 2020 to July 2020 the deaths were increased by nearly 20% and for about two-thirds of them, coronavirus was the main cause stated in the documents.

Also Read: Coronavirus in Children is leaving its effects long after being diagnosed

The researchers for the purpose of this research studied death data from US Census Bureau and the National Center for Health Statistics. In total, around 1.3 million people died in the period between March and August in the US, however, usually, around 1.1 million people die in that period, so an increase of 20% was observed.

The ten states in the US which had the highest percentage of excess deaths including coronavirus deaths included New Jersey, Louisiana, Mississippi, Delaware, Michigan, New York, Massachusetts, Arizona, Maryland, and Rhode Island. The increase in the percentage of deaths ranged from 65% in New York to 22% in Michigan and Rhode Island. The states having the highest death rate including Massachusetts, New York, and New Jersey also made up almost 30% of the excess deaths in the US, according to the researchers.

Woolf said on Monday that people who are skeptical about the number of coronavirus deaths and term them fake and think that the real deaths are much less than reported, this along with many other pieces of research show that the reality is quite opposite to their beliefs. He further added that there may have been cases where people who never contracted the virus died because of the disruptions that the coronavirus pandemic caused. These deaths included people who were not given proper care, who had acute emergencies, and people who committed suicide due to emotional crises.

The researchers wrote that in the states that reopened later due to surges of the virus in April experience shorter epidemics, while the states that chose to reopen earlier faced tougher consequences including an increase in excess deaths throughout the summer.

After analyzing the deaths, the researchers found that an increase was observed in causes of death other than the coronavirus, including an increase in the death rate due to heart disease which was observed in the period between the 21^st of March and 11^th of April in the US, and coincided with the surge in coronavirus during the spring. Moreover, death rates for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease also increased by two times and were observed initially during the 21^st of March and 11^th of April and then between the 6^th of June and 25^th of July, driven by the summer surge in some states.

The study had some limitations as provisional data was used for it and assumptions and inaccuracies were applied, yet these deaths truly reflect the human cost that the pandemic caused. The researchers wrote that the deaths due to coronavirus exceed the number of deaths by Vietnam and the Korean Wars, and the swine flu of 2009, and are approximately equal to the deaths caused by the World War II.

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The best ways to stop the spread of coronavirus, as we know, are following the safety precautions including wearing masks, washing hands frequently, and following social distancing. According to a study conducted by researchers at Yale University and New York University, it is discovered that women are better than men in following these coronavirus safety precautions.

The researchers surveyed 800 people by using smartphone movement analysis and street observations. They said that men are less likely than women to say that they stayed at home, met less with friends and family, followed social distancing, and washed hands regularly. The only factor at which there was no difference between men and women was the frequency of meeting with people who were other than family or friends.

Also Read: Coronavirus Cases in the US in a Day Reach the ‘Highest in Months’

According to the study published in the journal Behavioral Science and Policy women are not only better at taking coronavirus safety precautions but that they were also more likely to heed the advice given to them by the experts. However, self-reports cannot always be trusted so in several different locations in the US including New Haven, Connecticut and New Brunswick, New York City, and New Jersey the researchers looked at people walking the streets to observe it first hand that how many people do actually wear masks. The researchers observed 173 men and 127 women and discovered that around 38% of men and 55% of women properly wore face masks or face shields.

To observe the population of the US in more detail the researchers tracked the movement of individuals and them visiting unessential places like fitness facilities, florists, and spas by using GPS data from the smartphones of nearly 15 million US people. It was found by the results that counties in which males were in higher percentages followed less social distancing.

According to the researchers, the discoveries made by this research were not surprising as it’s a long-known fact that women are better at handwashing than men. A review conducted in 2016 that observed researches from different countries discovered that men were 50% less likely than women to adhere to safety behavior like wearing masks, cleaning of surfaces, and handwashing in order to protect themselves from an epidemic.

A researcher at the New York University and lead author of the paper Irmak Olcaysoy Okten said that a study conducted before the coronavirus pandemic confirmed that women were more likely to follow the recommendation of doctors and also visit them more regularly in their day to day basis than men. She added that women are also more attentive to other people’s health-related needs. So Okten believes it is not surprising that women are better at following the coronavirus safety precautions and also in stopping the spread of the virus than men.

Okten believes that an effective strategy to combat the spread of the coronavirus could be the deliverance of health messages that are finely tuned to target men. Moreover, the researchers wrote in the study that policymakers should try to target the illusions of invincibility that men have and also make men remind that they have responsibilities towards other people and towards themselves in these difficult times. They added that an effective strategy could be to distribute prevention messages in non-essential places where men gather frequently.

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